RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Changes in Metabolic Parameters of Hemoglobin A1c, Weight, and Blood Pressure During and After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders
JF The Journal of the American Board of Family
                Medicine
JO J Am Board Fam Med
FD American Board of Family Medicine
SP jabfm.2023.230205R1
DO 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230205R1
A1 Bickenbach, Elizabeth M.
A1 Keegan, Caroline L.
A1 Brockel, Makenzie C.
A1 Mast, Olivia G.
A1 Ghantae, Adithya
A1 Hwang, Andrew Y.
A1 Sherrill, Christina H.
YR 2024
UL http://www.jabfm.org/content/early/2024/01/25/jabfm.2023.230205R1.abstract
AB Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a “state of emergency” was declared in North Carolina on March 10, 2020. Subsequent “stay-at-home” (SAH) orders restricted activities including use of fitness facilities, and teleworking was encouraged. This study investigates metabolic effects of these changes in activity level.Methods: This retrospective prepost study included adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight, and blood pressure (BP) measurements for 3 time periods: 3/10/2019-9/9/2019 (“pre-SAH”), 3/10/2020-9/9/2020 (“during SAH”), and 3/10/2021-9/9/2021 (“post-SAH”). The primary outcome was change in HbA1c pre-SAH to during SAH and during SAH to post-SAH. Secondary outcomes were changes in weight, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) over the same periods. Exploratory outcomes included health care utilization. Paired t test compared outcomes between time periods using Bonferroni-adjusted α of 0.025 for significance.Results: Analysis included 301 participants with an average age of 69.8 years. HbA1c, SBP, and DBP trended up from pre-SAH to during SAH and then decreased post-SAH with a significant change only for DBP from during SAH to post-SAH (74.2 mmHg to 73.6 mmHg, P < .001). Weight trended down across the 3 study periods. In-office visits significantly decreased from pre-SAH to during SAH, and telehealth visits significantly decreased from during SAH to post-SAH (both P < .001).Conclusions: With the exception of DBP, findings reveal consistency in HbA1c, weight, and BP across time periods before, during, and after COVID-19 SAH orders in North Carolina.