RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Exercise Is Medicine: Primary Care Counseling on Aerobic Fitness and Muscle Strengthening JF The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine JO J Am Board Fam Med FD American Board of Family Medicine SP 103 OP 107 DO 10.3122/jabfm.2019.01.180209 VO 32 IS 1 A1 Crump, Casey A1 Sundquist, Kristina A1 Sundquist, Jan A1 Winkleby, Marilyn A. YR 2019 UL http://www.jabfm.org/content/32/1/103.abstract AB Patient counseling on physical fitness remains underutilized in primary care, despite its clinical and cost effectiveness. Most counseling interventions have focused on aerobic activity and neglected another vital component of physical fitness, muscle strengthening, which has recently been shown to be independently protective against cardiometabolic diseases and premature mortality. This article reviews the latest scientific evidence and makes recommendations toward a more comprehensive approach for promoting physical fitness in primary care. Given the high prevalence and wide-ranging health impacts of physical inactivity, counseling on physical fitness should be a standard part of wellness promotion and disease prevention and treatment for all patients. Interventions that include muscle strengthening will have a significantly greater impact on health outcomes than those focused on aerobic fitness alone. Counseling to promote both aerobic fitness and muscle strengthening is indicated for all patients, irrespective of body weight, and should begin early in life and continue across the life course.