Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1.
Physician, Practice, and County Characteristics of Family Physicians Registering to Continue their American Board of Family Medicine Certification in 2017 and 2018 (n = 2726)
N (%) Prescribes Buprenorphine 161 (5.9) Physician characteristics Male gender 1,556 (57.1) Age ≥50 years 1,492 (54.7) White race 1,972 (72.3) Hispanic ethnicity 189 (6.9) MD degree vs. DO degree 2,458 (90.2) International medical graduate 600 (22.0) Practice characteristics Practice organization Academic health center 186 (6.8) Federally qualified health center 173 (6.3) Federal 90 (3.3) Health maintenance organization 173 (6.3) Hospital owned 917 (33.6) Miscellaneous/other 125 (4.6) Other public 128 (4.7) Private practice 934 (34.3) Site size Solo practice 306 (11.2) 2 to 5 providers 938 (34.4) 6 to 20 providers 838 (30.7) >20 providers 644 (23.6) Any mental health professional 967 (35.5) County characteristics Whole county health professional shortage area—mental health 519 (19.0) Rural county 405 (14.9) - Table 2.
Physician, Practice, and County Characteristics of Family Physicians Registering to Continue their American Board of Family Medicine Certification in 2017 and 2018 by Whether they Prescribe Buprenorphine (n = 2726)
Prescribes Buprenorphine, N (%) Does not Prescribe Buprenorphine, N (%) Physician characteristics n = 161 n = 2565 Gender Male 100 (6.4) 1456 (93.6) Female 61 (5.2) 1109 (94.8) Age Under 50 67 (5.4) 1167 (94.6) 50 or older 94 (6.3) 1398 (93.7) Race White 113 (5.7) 1859 (94.3) Non-White 48 (6.4) 706 (93.6) Ethnicity Hispanic or Latino 13 (6.9) 176 (93.1) Not Hispanic 148 (5.8) 2389 (94.2) Degree type DO 13 (4.9) 255 (95.1) MD 148 (6.0) 2310 (94.0) International medical graduate Yes 35 (5.8) 565 (94.2) No 126 (5.9) 1993 (94.1) Practice characteristics Practice Organization* Academic Health Center 19 (10.2) 167 (89.8) Federally qualified health center 27 (15.6) 146 (84.4) Federal 2 (2.2) 88 (97.8) Health maintenance organization 5 (2.9) 168 (97.1) Hospital owned 31 (3.4) 886 (96.6) Miscellaneous/other 9 (7.2) 116 (92.8) Other public 8 (6.3) 120 (93.8) Private practice 60 (6.4) 874 (93.6) Site size Solo practice 28 (9.2) 278 (90.8) 2 to 5 providers 51 (5.4) 887 (94.6) 6 to 20 providers 42 (5.0) 796 (95.0) >20 providers 40 (6.2) 604 (93.8) Any mental health professional* Yes 84 (8.7) 883 (91.3) No 77 (4.4) 1682 (95.6) County characteristics Whole county health professional shortage area—mental health Yes 26 (5.0) 493 (95.0) No 135 (6.1) 2072 (93.9) Rurality Rural 26 (6.4) 379 (93.6) Urban 135 (5.8) 2186 (94.2) ↵* P value for χ2 test < .05.
- Table 3.
Percent of Family Physicians Prescribing Buprenorphine by Primary Practice Site Size and Rural/Urban Status in 2017 and 2018
Site size Rural, N (%) Urban, N (%) Total, N (%) Solo practice (n = 306) 7 (17.1) 21 (7.9) 28 (9.2) 2 to 5 providers (n = 938) 6 (3.3) 45 (6.0) 51 (5.4) 6 to 20 providers (n = 838) 9 (6.4) 33 (4.7) 42 (5.0) >20 providers (n = 644) 4 (9.8) 36 (6.0) 40 (6.2) Number and percent represent the percentage of family physicians in each size of practice who prescribe buprenorphine.
- Table 4.
Adjusted Associations between Personal, Practice, and County Characteristics with Family Physicians Prescribing Buprenorphine in 2017 and 2018
Odds Ratio (95% CI) Physician characteristics Male gender 1.39 (0.97, 1.97) Age ≥50 years 1.03 (0.73, 1.46) White race 0.82 (0.55, 1.22) Hispanic ethnicity 1.18 (0.63, 2.22) MD degree vs. DO degree 1.01 (0.55, 1.84) International medical graduate 1.08 (0.69, 1.68) Practice characteristics Practice organization Academic health center 1.29 (0.67, 2.48) Federally qualified health center 1.98 (1.08, 3.63) Federal 0.24 (0.05, 1.03) Health maintenance organization 0.37 (0.14, 0.99) Hospital owned 0.53 (0.33, 0.87) Miscellaneous/other 0.97 (0.45, 2.08) Private practice Reference Other public 0.84 (0.36, 1.93) Site size Solo practice 2.60 (1.38, 4.92) 2 to 5 providers 1.48 (0.89, 2.45) 6 to 20 providers 0.90 (0.56, 1.44) >20 providers Reference Any mental health professional 2.70 (1.73, 4.22) County characteristics Health professional shortage area—mental health 0.72 (0.42, 1.23) Rural County 1.28 (0.73, 2.23) CI, confidence interval
