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Research ArticleOriginal Research

Association of Speculum Lubrication with Pain and Papanicolaou Test Accuracy

Dilek Uygur, Tolga Guler, Eyup Yayci, Tijen Atacag, Cem Comunoglu and Gamze Mocan Kuzey
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine November 2012, 25 (6) 798-804; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2012.06.120021
Dilek Uygur
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey (DU); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (TG, TY, TA) and the Department of Pathology (CC, GMK), Near East University Medical School, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey.
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Tolga Guler
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey (DU); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (TG, TY, TA) and the Department of Pathology (CC, GMK), Near East University Medical School, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey.
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Eyup Yayci
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey (DU); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (TG, TY, TA) and the Department of Pathology (CC, GMK), Near East University Medical School, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey.
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Tijen Atacag
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey (DU); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (TG, TY, TA) and the Department of Pathology (CC, GMK), Near East University Medical School, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey.
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Cem Comunoglu
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey (DU); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (TG, TY, TA) and the Department of Pathology (CC, GMK), Near East University Medical School, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey.
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Gamze Mocan Kuzey
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey (DU); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (TG, TY, TA) and the Department of Pathology (CC, GMK), Near East University Medical School, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey.
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    Figure 1.

    Flow diagram of randomization.

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    Figure 2.

    Pain scores in the GEL and NO GEL groups. Error bars indicate standard error of mean. *P < .05 versus the NO GEL group.

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    Table 1. Demographic Characteristics of the Study Population
    CharacteristicsNO GEL GroupGEL GroupP
    Age (years)
        Mean± SD45.7 ± 11.544.7 ± 12.4.44
        Range23 to 7723 to 75
        ≥50 (n [%])78 (39)73 (36.5).61
    Postmenopausal (n [%])79 (39.5)75 (37.5).68
    Childbearing
        Parity (mean ± SD)2 ± 1.31.9 ± 1.3.73
        Nulliparity (n [%])22 (11)29 (14.5).29
        ≥1 vaginal delivery (n [%])141 (70.5)132 (66).33
    • SD, standard deviation.

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    Table 2. Pain Scores of the NO GEL and GEL Groups with Respect to Menopausal Status
    Menopausal StatusNO GEL (n = 200)GEL (n = 200)Mean Difference (95% CI)P
    Premenopausal1.8 (0–7)1.6 (0–7)0.2 (−0.1 to 0.5).25
    Postmenopausal3.2 (0–8)1.7 (0–6)1.5 (1.0–2.1)<.05
    • Pain scores are mean (minimum–maximum).

    • CI, confidence interval.

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The Journal of the American Board of Family     Medicine: 25 (6)
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine
Vol. 25, Issue 6
November-December 2012
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Association of Speculum Lubrication with Pain and Papanicolaou Test Accuracy
Dilek Uygur, Tolga Guler, Eyup Yayci, Tijen Atacag, Cem Comunoglu, Gamze Mocan Kuzey
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Nov 2012, 25 (6) 798-804; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2012.06.120021

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Association of Speculum Lubrication with Pain and Papanicolaou Test Accuracy
Dilek Uygur, Tolga Guler, Eyup Yayci, Tijen Atacag, Cem Comunoglu, Gamze Mocan Kuzey
The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine Nov 2012, 25 (6) 798-804; DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2012.06.120021
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Keywords

  • Lubrication
  • Pain
  • Papanicolaou Test
  • Surgical Instruments
  • Vaginal Speculum
  • Women's Health

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